Intel I225-V/I225-LM Rev 1.x Lan Controllers Firmware Version 1.89

You just have to retrieve the firmware that corresponds to yours then add it to the apckage of firmware 1.89 and launch the command with the firmware that interests you
Station-Drivers - Intel I225-V/I225-LM Rev 1.x Lan Controllers Firmware Version 1.89

Microsoft Windows [versão 10.0.19045.3391]
(c) Microsoft Corporation. Todos os direitos reservados.

C:\Windows\system32>CD C:\temp

C:\temp>EEUPDATEW64e.exe /nic=1 /d NVM\FXVL_15F3_V_2MB_1.68.bin

Using: Intel (R) PRO Network Connections SDK v2.38.10
EEUPDATE v5.38.10.00
Copyright (C) 1995 - 2022 Intel Corporation
Intel (R) Confidential and not for general distribution.


NIC Bus Dev Fun Vendor-Device  Branding string
=== === === === ============= =================================================
  1   5  00  00   8086-15F3    Intel(R) Ethernet Controller (2) I225-V

Writing SHARED FLASH.  PLEASE DO NOT INTERRUPT THIS PROCESS.
  1:  Shared Flash image update FAILED! Flash index is bad or out of range


C:\temp>

this firmware continues to cause a huge latency in my system, reinstalled windows, updated bios, tested several drivers, nothing solves it.

Did you check via the task manager if there was an application or other driver that could cause the latency?